Lightning protection systems

Surges - underestimated risk

The function of a lightning protection system is to protect structures from fire or mechanical destruction and to prevent that persons in buildings are injured or even killed. An overall lightning protection system consists of external lightning protection (lightning protection/earthing) and internal lightning protection (surge protection).

Functions of an external lightning protection system

• Interception of direct lightning strikes via an air-termination system

• Safe discharge of lightning current to earth via a down-conductor system 

• Distribution of the lightning current in the ground via an earth-termination system

Functions of an internal lightning protection system

• Prevention of dangerous sparking in the structure by establishing equipotential bonding or keeping a separation distance between the LPS components and other electrically conducting elements

Lightning equipotential bonding

Lightning equipotential bonding reduces the potential differences caused by lightning currents. This is achieved by interconnecting all isolated conducting parts of the installation by means of conductors or surge protective devices.

Elements of a lightning protection system

According to the EN/IEC 62305 standard, a lightning protection system consists of the following elements:

• Air-termination system

• Down conductor

• Earth-termination system

• Separation distances

• Lightning equipotential bonding

Classes of LPS

Classes of LPS I, II, III and IV are defined as a set of construction rules based on the corresponding lightning protection level (LPL). Each set comprises level-dependent (e.g. radius of the rolling sphere, mesh size) and level-independent construction rules (e.g. cross-sections, materials).

To ensure permanent availability of complex data and information technology systems even in case of a direct lightning strike, additional measures are required to protect electronic devices and systems against surges.

dehn防雷系統

激增 - 被低估的風險

防雷系統的功能是保護建筑物免受火災或機械破壞，并防止建筑物內的人員受傷甚至死亡。整體防雷系統由外部防雷（防雷/接地）和內部防雷（浪涌保護）組成。

外部防雷系統的功能

• 通過空氣終端系統攔截直接雷擊

• 通過引下線系統將雷電流安全釋放到大地

• 通過接地系統在地面上分配雷電流

內部防雷系統的功能

• 通過在LPS組件和其他導電元件之間建立等電位連接或保持間隔距離，防止結構中出現危險的火花

雷電等電位連接

雷電等電位連接可減少雷電流引起的電位差。這是通過導體或電涌保護器互連裝置的所有隔離導電部件來實現的。

防雷系統的要素

根據 EN/IEC 62305 標準，防雷系統由以下元素組成：

• 空氣終端系統

• 引下線

• 接地系統

• 間隔距離

• 雷電等電位連接

LPS的類別

LPS I、II、III 和 IV 級被定義為基于相應防雷等級 （LPL） 的一組施工規則。每組都包含與水平相關的規則（例如滾動球體的半徑、網格大小）和與級別無關的構造規則（例如橫截面、材料）。

為了確保復雜的數據和信息技術系統即使在直接雷擊的情況下也能永久可用，需要采取額外的措施來保護電子設備和系統免受浪涌的影響。